Vocabulary

liquefaction: when an earthquake's violent movement causes soil to mud

aftershock: a big earthquake that leads to a bigger earthquake next

tsunamis: an earthquake on the ocean floor that triggers a huge wave

base-isolated building: a building on springy things that absorbs an earthquake's energy

Outline

How Earthquakes Cause Damage

• local soil conditions
  • loose soil shakes more violently than the surrounding rock
  • house on solid rock: good
  • house on sandy soil: bad
• liquefaction
  • soft soil-mud
  • give out landslides
  • ground give away and buildings sink
• aftershock
  • small then big earthquake
  • strike after hours, days, or months later maybe
  • buildings may weaken during an aftershock
• tsunami
  • grow into mountain of water
  • some grow to height of a six-story building
  • earthquake strong= form the large waves

Making Buildings Safer

• choice of location
  • steep slopes- landslides
  • filled land- shake violently
  • don't build buildings near faults
• construction method
  • base-isolated buildings is a safe type of building
  • base-isolated building will not sway very hard
  • base-isolated building rests on springy pads

Protecting yourself during an earthquake

• drop, cover, and hold
• outdoors- open area
• cover head and neck